In the period from 2013 to 2022, 2462 publications dealing with TRPV1 and pain were identified. These publications were authored by 12005 researchers from 2304 institutions in 68 countries/regions, and published across 686 journals, with a cumulative citation count of 48723. The past ten years have witnessed a substantial rise in the volume of published materials. Publications from the USA and China were predominant; Seoul National University exhibited the most institutional activity; Tominaga M. published the highest number of papers, and Caterina MJ was the most frequently co-cited author; The journal Pain stood out as the most cited; The paper by Julius D. was the most referenced; The most common types of pain addressed were neuropathic, inflammatory, visceral pain, and migraine. Pain-related TRPV1 mechanisms were a major focus of research.
Through a bibliometric approach, this study provided a comprehensive overview of significant research trajectories in TRPV1's role in pain over the last ten years. The study's results could potentially show the emerging patterns and important centers of research in the field, offering support for the improvement of clinical pain management strategies.
A review of major research directions in TRPV1 and pain, covering the last decade, was performed using bibliometric methodologies in this study. The results may exhibit the dominant research themes and pivotal areas in the field, and furnish actionable insights pertinent to pain management procedures.
Widespread contamination by cadmium (Cd) poses a significant health risk to millions globally. Exposure to cadmium in humans largely stems from consuming contaminated food and water, inhaling cigarette smoke, and exposure through industrial processes. landscape dynamic network biomarkers Cd toxicity's primary impact is on the kidney's proximal tubular epithelial cells. Cadmium-induced harm to proximal tubular cells obstructs the reabsorption within the tubules. Although the numerous long-term consequences of Cd exposure remain poorly understood, molecular mechanisms of Cd toxicity, and effective therapies to counteract Cd's effects, are also lacking. A synopsis of current research in this review highlights the link between cadmium-induced damage and epigenetic changes, specifically encompassing DNA methylation and varying levels of histone modifications, including methylation and acetylation. The unveiling of the connections between cadmium poisoning and epigenetic damage will lead to a better understanding of cadmium's multifaceted effects on cells, potentially paving the way for new, mechanism-based treatments for this.
Precision medicine is benefiting from the substantial advancements made in antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapies, due to their potent therapeutic applications. Antisense drugs, a newly emerging class, are now responsible for the initial positive outcomes in the treatment of certain genetic illnesses. After two decades, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved numerous ASO pharmaceuticals, primarily for treating rare diseases, resulting in highly favorable therapeutic outcomes. Nevertheless, the therapeutic efficacy of ASO drugs is significantly hampered by the substantial safety concerns. Numerous approvals for ASO drugs were granted in view of the pressing demands voiced by patients and healthcare professionals for medications for incurable ailments. Despite this, a complete comprehension of the mechanisms contributing to adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and the toxic effects of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) is yet to be achieved. click here Specific adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are characteristic of individual medications, whereas only a limited number of ADRs affect a broader group of drugs. From small molecules to ASO-based pharmaceuticals, nephrotoxicity remains a vital concern in the process of clinical translation for any drug candidate. The nephrotoxicity of ASO drugs, including possible mechanisms of action and future research recommendations, is the subject of this article.
TRPA1, a transient receptor potential ankyrin 1, functions as a polymodal non-selective cation channel, responsive to physical and chemical stimuli of varied types. oncolytic adenovirus Different evolutionary degrees are associated with TRPA1's diverse physiological functions in varied species. In diverse animal species, TRPA1 serves as a polymodal receptor, detecting irritating chemicals, cold, heat, and mechanical sensations. While numerous studies have corroborated the diverse roles of TRPA1, the precise mechanism by which it senses temperature continues to be debated. Across the spectrum of invertebrates and vertebrates, TRPA1 is prevalent and crucial in thermal perception; however, the role of TRPA1 thermosensation and its temperature-sensitive molecular mechanisms are unique to each species. This review encompasses the temperature-sensing function of TRPA1 orthologs from molecular, cellular, and behavioral standpoints.
The broad application of CRISPR-Cas, a powerful genome editing technique, spans basic research and the translation of medical advancements. Endonucleases originating from bacteria, upon their discovery, have been expertly engineered into a collection of sophisticated tools for genome editing, enabling the introduction of frame-shift mutations or base alterations at specific genomic sites. Since the initial human trial in 2016, CRISPR-Cas has been deployed in 57 cell therapy trials. This includes 38 trials focusing on the use of engineered CAR-T and TCR-T cells for cancer, 15 trials testing engineered hematopoietic stem cells in treating hemoglobinopathies, leukemia, and AIDS, and 4 trials evaluating the use of engineered iPSCs for treating diabetes and cancer. Current CRISPR advancements and their practical application in cell therapies are explored in this analysis.
The basal forebrain's cholinergic neurons act as a vital source of cholinergic projections to the forebrain, affecting functions such as sensory processing, memory, and attention, and making them vulnerable to the impacts of Alzheimer's disease. A recent study on cholinergic neurons has resulted in the identification of two distinct subpopulations: calbindin D28K-expressing neurons (D28K+) and calbindin D28K-lacking neurons (D28K-). Despite this, the particular cholinergic subtypes selectively affected in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the underlying molecular mechanisms of this selective degeneration remain unknown. We have documented a specific degeneration of D28K+ neurons, which, in the initial stages of Alzheimer's disease, is linked to the emergence of anxiety-like behaviors. Removing NRADD selectively from particular neuronal types effectively mitigates the degeneration of D28K+ neurons, conversely, introducing exogenous NRADD genetically results in neuronal loss in D28K- neurons. Through a gain- and loss-of-function study, researchers have uncovered a subtype-specific degeneration of cholinergic neurons in Alzheimer's disease progression, indicating a novel molecular target for AD therapy.
Post-cardiac injury, the heart's regeneration is impeded by the restricted regenerative capabilities of adult cardiomyocytes. Reprogramming cardiac cells, specifically scar-forming fibroblasts, into functional induced cardiomyocytes, presents a promising avenue for cardiac structure and function restoration. Genetic and epigenetic regulators, small molecules, and delivery strategies have facilitated substantial advancements in iCM reprogramming. Novel mechanisms of iCM reprogramming at the single-cell level were revealed by recent research on heterogeneity and reprogramming trajectories. This paper reviews the recent developments in iCM reprogramming, employing multi-omics strategies (transcriptomics, epigenomics, and proteomics), to analyze the cellular and molecular factors involved in cell fate transition. In addition, we stress the future potential applications of multi-omics techniques for a deeper understanding of iCMs conversion, aiming at clinical deployment.
Currently available prosthetic hands have the capacity to actuate degrees of freedom (DOF) between five and thirty. Nevertheless, taking charge of these devices proves to be both confusing and difficult to manage. In order to tackle this problem, we suggest deriving finger commands directly from the neuromuscular system. In two individuals with transradial amputations, bipolar electrodes were implanted into their residual innervated muscles, coupled with regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces (RPNIs). Implanted electrodes captured local electromyography, characterized by substantial signal amplitudes. Within the confines of single-day experiments, participants directed a virtual prosthetic hand in real-time with the assistance of a high-speed movement classifier. In a study involving both participants, 10 pseudo-randomly cued individual finger and wrist postures were transitioned between, resulting in an average success rate of 947% and a trial latency of 255 milliseconds. Metrics for success reached 100%, and trial latency decreased to 135 milliseconds when the set was minimized to five grasp postures. The prosthesis' weight remained consistently supported across a range of static, untrained arm positions. Participants utilized the high-speed classifier to alternate between robotic prosthetic grips, subsequently completing a functional performance evaluation. Intramuscular electrodes and RPNIs, employed by pattern recognition systems, enable rapid and accurate prosthetic grasp control, as demonstrated by these findings.
A micro-mapping survey of terrestrial gamma radiation dose (TGRD) at a meter resolution, carried out around four urban homes in Miri City, recorded dose rates varying between 70 and 150 nGy/hour. Properties' diverse tiled surfaces, including floors and walls, contribute substantially to variations in TGRD, with kitchens, bathrooms, and restrooms showing the maximum readings. Using a single indoor annual effective dose (AED) value could lead to an underestimation of the true figure, potentially by up to 30%. Homes of this type in Miri are not anticipated to experience AED values exceeding 0.08 mSv, a level well within recommended safety guidelines.